3-Hydroxykynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan, is a potential endogenous neurotoxin whose increased levels have been described in several neurodegenerative disorders. 3-Hydroxykynurenine induces neuronal apoptosis.

3-Hydroxykynurenine-induced neuronal cell death shows several features of apoptosis. 
3-Hydroxykynurenine is a metabolic intermediate of the kynurenine pathway, the major metabolic pathway of tryptophan (Trp).
3-Hydroxykynurenine acts as an endogenous neurotoxin in the brain under pathological conditions.
3-Hydroxykynurenine (20-100 μM) significantly inhibits CD4⁺ T-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with IC₅₀ of approximately 70 μM.
3-Hydroxykynurenine (20-100 μM) induces significant CD4⁺ T-cell-mediated cell death in a dose-dependent manner.

西域 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

3-Hydroxykynurenine administration (560 mg/kg IP on a daily basis on days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14) results in significant prolongation of graft survival whether administered between days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14.

西域 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

3-Hydroxykynurenine administration (560 mg/kg IP on a daily basis on days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14) results in significant prolongation of graft survival whether administered between days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14.

西域 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• . S Okuda, et al. 3-Hydroxykynurenine, an endogenous oxidative stress generator, causes neuronal cell death with apoptotic features and region selectivity. J Neurochem. 1998 Jan;70(1):299-307.  [Content Brief]

  . Sarah S Zaher,et al. 3-hydroxykynurenine suppresses CD4+ T-cell proliferation, induces T-regulatory-cell development, and prolongs corneal allograft survival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Apr 22;52(5):2640-8.  [Content Brief]